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The Order of Isabella the Catholic ((スペイン語:Orden de Isabel la Católica)) is a Spanish civil order granted in recognition of services that benefit the country. The Order is not exclusive to Spaniards, and many foreigners have been awarded it. The Order was created on 14 March 1815 by King Ferdinand VII of Spain in honor of Queen Isabella I of Castile with the name of "Royal and American Order of Isabella the Catholic"〔''Real y Americana Orden de Isabel la Católica''〕 with the intent of "rewarding the firm allegiance to Spain and the merits of Spanish citizens and foreigners in good standing with the Nation and especially in those exceptional services provided in pursuit of territories in America and overseas."〔"''premiar la lealtad acrisolada a España y los méritos de ciudadanos españoles y extranjeros en bien de la Nación y muy especialmente en aquellos servicios excepcionales prestados en favor de la prosperidad de los territorios americanos y ultramarinos''"〕 The Order was reorganized by royal decree on 26 July 1847, as the modern "Royal Order of Isabella the Catholic" with a broader focus than the Americas. ==Officials and grades== The King of Spain (currently Felipe VI) is Grand Master of the Order. The Chancellor of the Order is the Minister of Foreign Affairs. All deeds granting decorations of the Order must bear the signatures of both. Beneath these two officials of the Order, there are currently several grades: * ''First Class'' : *100px Knight of the Collar (''Caballeros del Collar'') (limited to 25 people) : *100px Knight Grand Cross (''Caballeros Gran Cruz'') (limited to 500 people) * ''Second Class'' : *100px Commander by Number (''Encomienda de Número'') (limited to 800 people) : *100px Commander (''Encomienda'') * ''Third Class'' : *100px Officer's Cross (''Cruz de Oficial'') * ''Fourth Class'' : *100px Knight's Cross (''Cruz de Caballeros'') * ''Fifth Class'' : *100px Silver Cross (''Cruz de Plata'') * ''Sixth Class'' : *100px Silver Medal (''Medalla de Plata'') : *100px Bronze Medal (''Medalla de Bronce'')〔1998 Statutes of the Order of Isabella the Catholic.〕 The original statues of the order of 24 March 1815 established the order in three classes. The structure of the order has varied several times since then. The following is a summary of the history of the various grades and medals of the order: * Knights of the Collar (''Caballeros del Collar'') – Established 22 June 1927. * Knights Grand Cross (''Caballeros Gran Cruz'') – Established 24 March 1815. * Knight First Class (''Caballeros de Primera Clase'') – Established 24 March 1815, retitled Commander (Comdador) on 24 July 1815. * Officer (''Oficial'') – Established 10 October 1931, abolished 15 June 1938 and restored 5 June 1971. * Knight Second Class (''Caballeros de Segunda Clase'') – Established 24 March 1815, retiled Knight (Caballeros) on 24 July 1815. * Silver Cross (''Cruz de Plata'') – Established 16 March 1903 to reward civil and palace officials. * Gold Medal with Laureate (''Medal de Oro pero Laureada'') – Established on 24 July 1815 for award to European sergeants and enlisted men. Subsequently abolished. * Gold Medal (''Medal de Oro'') – Established on 24 July 1815 for award to non-European 'natives'. Subsequently abolished. * Silver Medal (''Medal de Plata'') – Established 15 April 1907 to reward non-commissioned officers and junior civil officials. * Bronze Medal (''Medal de Bronce'') – Established 15 April 1907 to reward non-commissioned officers and junior civil officials.〔 Essay on the history of the Order of Isabella the Catholic.〕 Women appointed to an applicable grade are not called Knights (''Caballeros''). Women are instead appointed as Dames of the Collar (''Damas del Collar''), Dames Grand Cross (''Damas Gran Cruz'') or Dame's Cross (''Cruz de Damas'').〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Order of Isabella the Catholic」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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